Quibell and Frederick W. Green, in what they called the Main Deposit in the Temple of Horus at Nekhen, during the dig season of 1897–98. The famous Narmer Palette, discovered in 1898 in Hierakonpolis, shows Narmer displaying the insignia of both Upper and Lower Egypt, giving rise to the theory that he unified the two kingdoms in c. 3100 BCE. On this label, a catfish strikes down a fallen enemy. The Narmer palette is a finely decorated plate of schist of about 64 cm high. A ceremonial object, ritually buried The Palette of Narmer was discovered in 1898 by James Quibell and Frederick Green. "The Narmer Palette." The overall military symbolism on the palette is clear. In addition to these simple, purely functional, palettes however, there were also a number of larger, far more elaborate palettes created in this period. Indeed, in traditional times, Lower Egypt would be symbolised by a hieroglyph that represents a marshland. Their reading is unknown so even if they do denote names of places, we do not know which places they are. It was made to commemorate him and is decorated in hieroglyphics. His role is normally interpreted as that of a 'shaman' and is not paralleled in later sources. Among a group of sacred implements ritually buried in a deposit within an early temple of the falcon god Horus at the site Hierakonpolis (the capital of Egypt during the pre-dynastic period) Describe the Palette of Narmer - More than 2 feet tall The central scene on the palette's front represents two men tying together the stretched necks of two fabulous animals. Its size, weight and the fact that it was decorated on both sides show that it was a ceremonial, commemorative rather than an actual cosmetic palette intended for daily use. The palette was discovered by the British archaeologists Quibell and Green in the Temple of Horus at Nekhen in 1897-1898 CE. In the top scene of the palette's front, the second figure from the left, identified by the two signs in front of him as Narmer, is represented wearing the Red Crown, that is usually associated with Lower Egypt. Narmer is preceded by a long-haired person who holds an emblem in his hands. As time passed Menes is now come to symbolize the three kings wishing to unite the upper and lower halves of Egypt and not just one king. When the Narmer palette was eventually found, there was no express sign showing that it belonged to Menes as the King of the first Dynasty in Egypt. A falcon representing the Egyptian sky god Horus perches on a rebus listing countries defeated by Menes and a human arm coming from the falcon holds a rope securing a prisoner's head. Hierakonpolis. The animals' heads are drawn from the front, which is rather uncharacteristic of later Egyptian art. The left side of this marshland is decorated with a man's head that is quite similar to that of the fallen foe. Numerous later Egyptian writings claim Narmer as the conqueror of all the societies along the length of the Nile River, but some scholarly doubt persists. Narmer Palette. Pyramid of Khufu. Egyptian dynastic civilization began over 5,000 years ago with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt into a single Upper Egyptian Polity based at Hierankopolis, that unification attributed to Narmer in historical Egyptian records. It was found in the “main deposit” of the temple of Nekhen (Hierakonpolis) by Quibell and Green in the 1890s, along with (among other things) the Narmer Macehead and the Scorpion Macehead. Against this, it must be pointed out that the palette does mention three names of cities or fortresses that were overthrown. "The Narmer Palette." It is thought by some to depict the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the king Narmer. ThoughtCo. carefully buried. Narmer was the king of the South who first marched his armed forces from the city of Nekhen (where was found the famous Palette) to the borders … Temple caches of this type are not uncommon. Significant Egyptian archeological find, dating from about the 31st century BC, belonging, at least nominally, to the category of Cosmetic palettes. Basic cosmetic palettes were among the typical grave goods found during this early era. https://www.thoughtco.com/narmer-palette-early-period-ancient-egypt-171919 (accessed January 25, 2021). Commemorative. Apart from a girdle, he is represented naked. it is not certain whether in Narmer's time, the Red Crown already had its traditional geographical significance, or whether it was associated more with a specific part of the king's overall responsibilities. The images above the victim's head may seem to support the latter interpretation: a falcon, without a doubt a symbol of the king, is perched on top of some papyrus plants that sprout from a marshland. Her work has appeared in scholarly publications such as Archaeology Online and Science. The images above the victim's head may seem to support the latter interpretation: a falcon, without a doubt a symbol of the king, is perched on top of some papyrus plants that sprout from a marshland. Other examples of large carved objects depicting the deeds of Old Kingdom pharaohs include the Narmer Macehead, which illustrates the presentation of animals and people to a seated ruler, likely Narmer; a flint knife with an ivory handle showing a scene of combat found at Gebel el-Arak; and a slightly later ivory comb bearing the name of a different king of the First Dynasty. It was found in a deposit in Hierakonpolis, a Predynastic capital located in the South of Egypt, during the excavation season of 1897/98. A person similarly designed and with the same hieroglyphs, can also be found on the ceremonial maceheads of both Narmer and 'Scorpion'. It is thought to of been… Narmer Palette. The contrast between the naked victim and the clad king perhaps denotes that the victim was considered as barbaric. Also found at this dig were the Narmer Macehead and the Scorpion Macehead. As is the case with the White Crow, it is not certain whether in Narmer's time, the Red Crown already had its traditional geographical significance, or whether it was associated more with a specific part of the king's overall responsibilities. The hook with which the falcon appears to be pulling at the personified marshland's nose, symbolises the breath of life that it takes out of the fallen land. The entire group could thus be interpreted that on the occasion of the conquest of the Mareotis region, Narmer founded a new province, whose name was written by the ship, the harpoon and the falcon. ThoughtCo uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience. That motif remained an important symbol throughout the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms and into Roman times, and arguably is a worldwide symbol of rulers. Carved into the top scrolls on both sides of Narmer's palette are cows with human faces, sometimes interpreted as the goddesses Bat and Hathor. Hirst, K. Kris. Seated Scribe. Sa carrière professionnelle l'a notamment conduit à explorer le site de Hierakonpolis (l'ancienne Nekhen), où entre autres découvertes, son équipe a trouvé la Palette de Narmer en 1898. It contains … Using different types of imagery, the king is shown again and again as victorious over his enemies. Some Egyptologists have doubted the historicity of the events portrayed on the palette, forwarding the hypothesis that it served a ritual purpose rather than recording a historical event. Their legs are sprawling and their entire posture indicates that they are fallen enemies. The palette also refers to the founding of a region indicated by the signs ship-harpoon-falcon, a group of signs that at least in later times would be used to denote the 7, Have you spent years researching The Narmer Palette and now found yourself completely out of ideas? The name of the city or fortress attacked by the bull is written within the walls, but its reading is unknown. The piece of art that I found particularly interesting this week was The Narmer Palette from the Early Dynastic Period. The top of the palette is decorated in a similar manner on both sides: the name of the king is inscribed in a so-called serekh between two bovine heads. It is suggested to have been made to commemorate the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt by the king Narmer. Apart from a girdle, he is represented naked. Wikipedia. One of their arms is raised up, the other is drawn behind their backs. The Story of Menes, the First Pharaoh of Egypt, Step Pyramid of Djoser - Ancient Egypt's First Monumental Pyramid, Pictures of the Periods of History in Ancient Egypt, Dynastic Egypt Timeline - 2,700 Years of Change in Egyptian Society, Hierakonpolis - City at the Start of Egyptian Civilization, Predynastic Egypt - Beginner's Guide to Earliest Egypt, The Symbolism Behind the Double Crown of Egypt, Old Kingdom: Ancient Egypt's Old Kingdom Period, Biography of Imhotep, Ancient Egyptian Architect, Philosopher, God, Politics and the Political System of the Ancient Maya, Akhenaten: Heretic and Pharaoh of New Kingdom Egypt, History of Animal and Plant Domestication, The Earliest Representations of Royal Power in Egypt: the Rock Drawings of Nag El-Hamdulab (Aswan), Context, Function and Program: Understanding Ceremonial Slate Palettes, Rethinking ‘Cattle Cults’ in Early Egypt: Towards a Prehistoric Perspective on the Narmer Palette, What a King Is This: Narmer and the Concept of the Ruler, The Metropolitan Museum Knife Handle and Aspects of Pharaonic Imagery before Narmer. The main central relief of the reverse side of the palette shows King Menes wearing the white crown and dress of Upper Egypt kings and raising his mace to smite a kneeling prisoner. Above the victims, a ship with a harpoon and a falcon in it, are drawn. The scene at the bottom of the palette's front face continues the imagery of conquest and victory. It is, however, not certain whether in Narmer's time, this crown already had its traditional geographical significance, or whether it was associated more with a specific part of the king's overall responsibilities. This magnificent palette of King Narmer displayed now in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. The exact finding circumstances of these artefact have, however, not been noted in the survey report. The object of this procession is made clear on the right hand side of the scene: 10 decapitated corpses are shown lying on the ground, their heads thrown between their legs. This was based on the assumption that both crowns have always had their traditional geographical significance, but even if this were correct, the palette doesn't prove that Narmer didn't already wear the Red Crown before. Palette of King Narmer, from Hierakonpolis, Egypt, Predynastic, c. 3000-2920 B.C.E., slate, 2' 1" high (Egyptian Museum, Cairo) The object itself is a monumental version of a type of daily use item commonly found in the predynastic period—palettes were generally flat, minimally decorated stone objects used for grinding and mixing minerals for cosmetics. Between the animal's necks, a circular area is a bit deeper than the palette's surface. The Narmer Palette is significant Egyptian archaeological find, dating from about the 31st century BC with some of the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found. The Narmer palette is a finely decorated plate of schist of about 64 cm high. The Narmer Palette, also known as the Great Hierakonpolis Palette or the Palette of Narmer, is a significant Egyptian archeological find, dating from about the 31st century BC, containing some of the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found. This Pharaoh is best known as the Unifier of Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt from the portrayal of him on the famous Narmer Palette from Hierakonpolis discovered by James Edward Quibell and Frederick Green in 1899. The palette also refers to the founding of a region indicated by the signs ship-harpoon-falcon, a group of signs that at least in later times would be used to denote the 7th Lower Egyptian province located in the eastern Nile Delta.In addition, a label found in 1998 during excavations in Abydos, does seem to confirm the historicity of the palette. This interpretation is, however, very doubtful, as it was unusual for official documents to actually provide the name of an enemy. That depression is what makes this side the "obverse" or front of the palette; despite that fact, the most often reproduced image is that of the back. It is thought by some to depict the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the king Narmer. Ancient Egyptian statue. Besides the Narmer Palette, several other pieces of evidence exist that show that Egypt was unified under Narmer. The hook with which the falcon appears to be pulling at the personified marshland's nose, symbolises the breath of life that it takes out of the fallen land.The mention of a marshland on the palette has very often been seen as a reference to the marshy lands of the Nile Delta, Lower Egypt. The tablet was found in near perfect condition after have been lost for over five centuries. The Narmer Palette. A depression on such palettes was used to grind pigments, which were then mixed into a colored paste and applied to the body. There are several interpretations of the purpose of the palette. It illustrates various representations of divine and royal iconographic themes. Not only does it represent many of Egypt's early styles of art, it also plays with early hieroglyphics. This lower circular area indicates the place where a cosmetic would be put if this were not a ceremonial palette. Palettes are key-artifacts for data concerning the late predynastic period: Narmer Palette, found in the Temple of Horus of Nekhen by Quibell and Green in 1899, is a plain object, with relief decoration, on which various sets of scenes are shown , more or less directly related to the King. In most publications, these heads have been described as cows' heads, which is usually interpreted as an early reference to the cow-goddess, Bat or perhaps Hathor. Many perceive it as a historical document—a bit of political braggadocio—specifically of the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. Narmer's own tomb has been identified at Naqada. ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/narmer-palette-early-period-ancient-egypt-171919. Created entirely from one piece of dark … These standards might be the emblems of the royal house of Narmer, or of the regions that already belonged to his kingdom. These signs are often interpreted as the name of the conquered region. . The tablet depicts the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under King Narmer and provides one of the earliest known depictions of an Egyptian king. A rectangle above this sandal-bearer's head contains a sign of uncertain meaning. Some, such as Wengrow, believe the palette illustrates a Mediterranean cattle cult dating back to the Neolithic. The Narmer Palette is one of the most famous artefacts of Ancient Egypt. Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut and Large Kneeling Statue, New Kingdom, Egypt . Upper Egypt. This is a unique image and no later parallels are known. Hirst, K. Kris. Pyramid of Menkaure. To the right of his head is a catfish, the schematic representation of his name Narmer (N'mr). Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/narmer-palette-early-period-ancient-egypt-171919. On the front or obverse side, the king, wearing the red crown and costume of Lower Egypt, marches out to view the stacked and dismembered bodies of his slain enemies, preceded by the souls of the kings of Lower Egypt. In 1993, a “year label” of Narmer was found in Abydos, showing similar events as the palette and thereby proving, for many Egyptologists, that the depictions of the palette are historical events. This is the currently selected item. The palette seems to commemorate the historical events which led to the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. It is not unlikely that both sources actually do refer to the same event: a battle in a marshland, probably located in the eastern Nile Delta, which resulted in a victory for Narmer and the probable founding of the 7th Lower Egyptian province.Â, Have you spent years researching The Narmer Palette and now found yourself completely out of ideas? Both signs are usually interpreted as names of places that have been captured by Narmer. Some scholars such as Millet and O'Connor have argued that this scene functions as a year label—the palette represents events that happened during the Year of Smiting the North Land. 5) Carved into the top scrolls on both sides of Narmer’s palette are cows with human faces, sometimes portrayed as the goddesses Bat and Hathor. Pre- Dynastic. This interpretation is, however, very doubtful, as it was unusual for official documents to actually provide the name of an enemy. Khufu Statuette. It is 64cm tall, 42cm wide and is on display in a museum in Cairo. The Narmer palette is a finely decorated plate of schist of about 64 cm high. Many of these objects are ceremonial replicas of long-used domesticate objects. 4) The Narmer palette is about 64 cm high. British archaeologists James E. Quibell and Frederick Green found the main deposit during their 1897-1898 field season at Hierakonpolis. Also know, who made the palette of Narmer? Comparing the Narmer Palette to the Label of Den, which shows a similar scene, makes it more likely that the harpoon is to be read as the 'number one' and the lake as 'water', indicating that this was Narmer's first victory in a watery area such as a lake or a marshland. The Palette […] The left-most standard represents some kind of animal skin, the second a dog and the next two a falcon. There are many symbols depicted on the palette. Behind the king an apparently bald person holds a pair of sandals in his left hand and a basket in his right. Four standard bearers are represented in front of the Tshet person. It may thus perhaps have been a sign to write the word 'king' and if this is the case, then the bald man following Narmer on his palette, was a 'servant of the king'. The fact that the king is represented as barefooted and followed by a sandal-bearer perhaps suggests a ritual nature for the scene depicted on the palette. That's not unusual in Egyptian iconography—the Narmer Palette is one of a series of elaborately carved, portable objects dated to the formative period of Dynastic culture in Egypt, around the turn of the third millennium BCE. A bull, almost certainly a symbol of the king's vigour and strength, tramples a fallen foe and attacks the walls of a city or fortress with its horns. Narmer's palette was found in a deposit with 2,000 other votive objects within the ruins of a temple at his capital city of Hierakonpolis south of Luxor. Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt. The  king holds a mace in his left hand, while his right arm is bent over his chest, holding some kind of flail. He is followed by the same bald figure that holds sandals in his left hand and some kind of basket in his right. The deposit where it was found also contained other artefacts stemming from the early beginnings of Ancient Egypt's recorded history: fragments of a ceremonial mace head belonging to Narmer and other mace head fragments inscribed with the name of king Scorpion, one of Narmer's alleged predecessors. He was the successor to the Protodynastic King Ka. The enemy's headgear consists of 3 papyrus plants, a reference to a marshland that is very similar to the personified marshland on the Narmer Palette. The Narmer Palette, also known as the Great Hierakonpolis Palette or the Palette of Narmer, is a significant Egyptian archaeological find; dating from about the 31st century BC, it contains some of the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found. He worked at Hierakonpolis (ancient Nekhen), where amongst other discoveries his team found the Narmer Palette in 1898. In Egyptian iconography, Narmer and other pharaohs often are illustrated as animals. The Narmer Palette is the name of an elaborately carved shield-shaped slab of gray schist made during the Old Kingdom of Dynastic Egypt (ca. K. Kris Hirst is an archaeologist with 30 years of field experience. Temple of Amun-Re and the Hypostyle Hall, Karnak. The Great Pyramids of Giza. temple precinct. It was found in a deposit in Hierakonpolis, a Predynastic capital located in the South of Egypt, during the excavation season of 1897/98. The signs accompanying this figure could be read as Tshet yet their meaning is unknown. Nothing, however, indicates that the animals are to be seen as the symbols of Upper or Lower Egypt. It contains some of the earliest hieroglyphic inscriptions ever found. The Narmer Palette is 64 centimeters (25 inches) long, and its shield shape is the same as that used for the domestic tool called a palette, which was used to hold cosmetics. Above the victims, a ship with a harpoon and a falcon in it, are drawn. Its size, weight and the fact that it was decorated on both sides show that it was a ceremonial, commemorative rather than an actual cosmetic palette intended for daily use. It is a key piece in the identification of Menes, the almost legendary first king to have ruled over the whole of Egypt. One may also ask, how was the Narmer Palette found? Then you should definitely give this. It is the earliest monumental representation of any pharaoh: the carvings on the palette depict events in the life of King Narmer, also known as Menes, considered the founding ruler of Dynastic Egypt. The top sign, the asterisk or floral element, also appears on the Scorpion Macehead, right before the sign of the scorpion that identifies the king. The fact that the king is represented as barefooted and followed by a sandal-bearer perhaps suggests a ritual nature for the scene depicted on the palette. One of the primary reasons I found this piece so fascinating had to be the fact that it was fabricated at the of Egypt's history. The contrast between the naked victim and the clad king perhaps denotes that the victim was considered as barbaric.The signs of a harpoon and a lake behind his head have sometimes been interpreted as the name of the victim: Washi. It was discovered by 2 British archaeologists - James E. Qiubell and Frederick W. Green in 1897. This type of scene is also very common on entrances to temples, where they were intended to ward off any evil that might want to enter the temple. Palette of King Narmer. 40-41. Uncharacteristic of later Egyptian art events which led to the right of name... Are several interpretations of the exquisite ceremonial Narmer palette the Narmer Macehead and the two! 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